pilikia huna i nā mea pāʻani
ʻO Chromium kahi metala multivalent, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ʻo Cr (III) a me Cr (VI).Ma waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻawaʻawa o Cr (VI) ma mua o 100 mau manawa o ka Cr (III), he hopena koʻikoʻi loa i nā kānaka, nā holoholona a me nā mea ola wai.Ua helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he carcinogen papa I e ka hui honua no ka noiʻi maʻi maʻi (IARC).Akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe he nui ka pilikia o ka Cr (VI) nui i nā mea pāʻani keiki!
He maʻalahi loa ka Cr (VI) i ke kino kanaka.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokomo i ke kino o ke kanaka ma o ka ʻeli ʻana, ka ʻōpū hanu, ka ʻili a me ka membrane mucous.Ua hōʻike ʻia i ka wā e hanu ai ka poʻe i ka ea i loaʻa nā manaʻo like ʻole o Cr (VI), e loaʻa iā lākou nā degere like ʻole o ka hoarseness, atrophy o ka nasal mucosa, a me ka perforation o ka nasal septum a me ka bronchiectasis.Hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka luaʻi a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū.Hiki ke loaʻa ka Dermatitis a me ka eczema ma o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻili.ʻO ka mea pōʻino loa, ʻo ia ka hōʻike ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi a i ʻole ka wā pōkole a i ʻole ka inhalation o ka maʻi carcinogenic.
I ʻApelila 2019, ua hoʻopuka ke Kōmike ʻEulopa no ka Standardization (CEN) i ka maʻamau palekana pāʻani EN71 Māhele 3: ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea kikoʻī (2019 version).Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻike i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia no ka ʻike Cr(VI) ʻo:
● ka waiwai palena o Cr (VI) o ke kolu o ke ano o ka mea, ua hoololiia mai 0.2mg/kg i 0.053mg/kg, pono ma Nowemapa 18, 2019.
● ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ke ʻano hoʻāʻo o Cr (VI), a hiki i ke ʻano i hoʻoponopono ʻia ke loaʻa i ka palena o nā ʻano mea a pau.Ua hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano hoʻāʻo mai LC-ICPMS a i IC-ICPMS.
ʻO SHINE nā hoʻonā ʻoihana
Wahi a EN71-3: 2019 maʻamau o ka European Union, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana o Cr (III) a me Cr (VI) i nā mea pāʻani me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka chromatograph ion SINE CIC-D120 a me ka NCS plasma MS 300 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.Aia ka manawa ʻike i loko o 120 kekona, a maikaʻi ka pilina laina.Ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka injection o Cr (III) a me Cr (VI), ʻo nā palena ʻike he 5ng / L a me 6ng / L kēlā me kēia, a hoʻokō ka naʻau i nā koi palena ʻike maʻamau.
1. Hoʻonohonoho mea kani
2. Nā kūlana ʻike
Kūlana ion chromatograph
Māhele paʻalima: 70 mM NH4NO3, 0.6 mM EDTA(2Na), pH 71 , Ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe: Isometric elution
Kahe kahe (mL / min): 1.0
Ka nui o ka hoʻokomo ʻana (µL):200
Kona: AG 7
Kūlana ICP-MS
Mana RF (W):1380
Keeaea lawe lawe (L/min):0.97
Ka helu nuipa o ke anaina:52C
Volta hoʻonui (V):2860
Ka lōʻihi (s):150
3. Reagents a me nā hoʻonā maʻamau
Cr (III) a me Cr (VI) hoʻonā maʻamau: loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku i hōʻoia ʻia
ʻO ka amonia paʻa: ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe
ʻAka nitric concentrated: ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe
EDTA-2Na: ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe
Ka wai maʻemaʻe loa: ke kūʻē ≥ 18.25 m Ω· cm (25 ℃).
Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pihi hana Cr(VI): hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hopena maʻamau Cr (VI) me ka wai maʻemaʻe loa i ka ʻike koi ʻia i kēlā me kēia pae.
Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o Cr (III) a me Cr (VI) hui pū ʻia e hana ana: e lawe i kahi nui o ka Cr (III) a me Cr (VI) hopena maʻamau, hoʻohui i 10mL o 40mM EDTA-2Na i loko o kahi pahu volumetric 50mL, hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai pH ma kahi o 7.1, wela ia i loko o ka wai ʻauʻau ma 70 ℃ no 15min, hoʻoponopono i ka leo, a hana i ka hopena hui ʻia me ka manaʻo i makemake ʻia ma ke ʻano like.
4. Ka hopena ʻike
Ma muli o ke ʻano hoʻokolohua ʻōlelo ʻia o EN71-3, ua paʻakikī ʻo Cr (III) me EDTA-2Na, a ua hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Cr(III) a me Cr(VI).Ua hōʻike ʻia ka chromatogram o ka hāpana ma hope o ʻekolu repetitions he maikaʻi ka reproducibility, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa maʻamau pili (RSD) o ka wahi kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o 3%.ʻO 6ng/L ka palena ʻike.
Hoʻokaʻawale chromatogram o Cr (III) - EDTA a me Cr(VI) i hui pū ʻia.
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Chromatogram o ʻekolu mau hoʻāʻo injection o 0.1ug/L Cr (III) -EDTA a me Cr(VI) i hui pū ʻia (Stability of 0.1ppbCr (III) + Cr (VI) sample)
0.005-1.000 ug/L Cr (III) kaʻi kalibration
0.005-1.000 ug/L Cr (VI) kāʻei hoʻopololei (Linearity kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe)ea linearity) laʻana)
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-18-2023